(Con't from above)
Reuben is right about many "Weapons," Wolverine being the tenth and Captain America being the first. Cable was def not one of them though; he is the son of Cyclops and a clone of Jean Grey (I know, it's weird) from the future. He's probably thinking of Cyber, who has the lined metal arms (I like to call them Colossus arms). Cable's metal arm (and eye) are from a virus that Apocalypse inflicted him with as a baby. Cyber's metal arms are adamantium cybernetics (like Lady Deathstrike, but for strength instead of stabbing).
Omega Red is an agent of the Communist Russian version of the "Weapon" program. During the cold war, the Ruskies learned about the program and thought that the West was going to use them against them (and, in fact, they had already started to). I don't know as much about him, but I think he was a mutant who could drain people's life force and the Russians gave him enhanced durability and strength as well as adamantium-carbon blend (like adamantium, but more flexible, which is why it's dumb that X-23 cuts them in this episode) tentacle things (which he can use his power through).
I'm not sure if Robert is 100% right either. I've read many places that Wolverine "hardly" feels pain at all, metal bones or not--but it's just not very dramatic to actually let him feel no pain (or maybe he just always yells in pain to trick his foe into thinking he's weak ;)). I've never heard of him needing 80% of his healing factor to contain his adamantium either. In fact, in one story line, Wolverine was able to regrow his body after literally burning alive by piloting a space ship too close to the sun--this was when he had his adamantium.
Whew, well, I've geeked out enough for tonight. Hope that helped someone out there.
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